page-6 | Sasha Issenberg

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Abbott, Larry, 281-82

ABC, 351

ABC News, 366, 502, 682, 692, 695

Abercrombie, Neil, 742, 744-45, 747-49

Abolition of Marriage, The (Gallagher), 320

abortion, 27-28, 33, 67, 94-96, 118, 130,

135, 140, 142, 146, 154-55, 176-77, 237,

308, 319, 330, 348, 352, 355, 358, 362,

368, 478, 480-82, 484, 551, 590, 675,

678, 727, 732, 745

Abortion Without Apology (Baehr), 27-28

Abramoff, Jack, 144

Abreu, Julio, 165

Abzug, Bella, 161, 162

Access Now for Gay and Lesbian Equality

(ANGLE), 6-7

ACLU Alaska, 415

ACLU biennial conference

1975, 49-50, 52

1985, 52-54, 57

1989, 58

ACLU California and, 471

ACLU Florida, 412

ACLU Hawaii, 31, 40-46, 60-61, 63-64,

75-76, 79, 82-83

ACLU Legislative Briefing Papers, 62

ACLU Michigan, 177

ACLU of Montana, 748-49, 750

ACLU of Southern California Gay Rights

Chapter, 50

ACLU of Vermont, 271

ACLU Utah, 397

Adams, Jo-Ann, 33, 70

Adams, John, 308, 539

Adams, Richard F, 50-51

Addabbo, Joseph, Jr, 563

Ad Hoc Committee for Religious Liberty,

610

Ad Hoc Committee on Defense of

Marriage, 566

Ad-Hoc Task Force to Challenge Sodomy

Laws (formerly Sodomy Roundtable),

51, 168. See also Roundtable (formerly

Sodomy Roundtable)

Admirals Club, 346

adoption, 5, 54, 57, 170, 180, 200, 214, 220,

265-66, 289, 300, 327, 340, 437-38, 648,

651, 706, 759

DeBoer and, 723

Denmark and, 26

Hawaii and, 39

by partner, 48

second-parent, or joint, 200, 205, 248,

255-58, 269, 274, 305, 308-11

Vermont bill of 1995 on, 257-58

Windsor and, 720

Advocate, 34,9, 39, 42-43, 54, 202-3,

242-43, 441, 539-40, 664

Affordable Care Act (2010), 664, 697, 700,

753

Afghanistan War, 637, 684, 693

AFL-CIO, 523

African Americans, 127, 304, 384, 427, 465,

475, 493, 516, 524, 542, 556, 600-602,

604, 665-66, 674, 678, 697-98, 703

African Methodist Episcopal Church, 332

afgfe1 1:11 pw | |

872 | Index

Agnos, Art, 5 730, 744, 748. See also Roundtable

Agrast, Mark, 164, 223, 227 (fermerly Sodomy Roundtable); 10-

Aguilera, Christina, 357 10-10-20 plan; specific affiliates, chapters,

AIDS/HIV, 6, 10, 35-36, 52-54, 57, 65, individuals, and lawsuits

72,75, 162, 180, 194, 197, 208, 210, 233, Ad-Hoc Task Force to Challenge

259, 402, 405-6, 441 Sodomy Laws (Roundtable), 168

airline-ticket rules, 39 Equality Committee, 54, 56

Alabama, 456, 751, 754 first endorses same-sex marriage, 57-58

Alabama Supreme Court, 754 Gay and Lesbian Rights Project, 57, 60

Alaska, 179, 304, 325, 413-15, 420, 469 Lesbian and Gay Rights Project, 301,

constitutional referendum in, 277, 297, 425, 443

330, 379, 415, 420, 533 LGBT & HIV Project, 656

Alaska Civil Liberties Union, 414 LGBT litigation unit, 532

Alaska Supreme Court, 297 National LGBT Project, 441

Albany Times Union, 565 New York staff, and Hawaii case

Alcoholics Anonymous, 33 of 1990, 62

Alesi, James, 563, 565 Perry and, 633, 646-47

Alexander, Marc, 119 Policy #261, 49-50, 52-53

Alianza Ministerial Evang√©lica Nacional, Policy #264, 58

332 Roger Baldwin Award, 301

Alice B. Toklas LGBT Democratic Club, Sexual Privacy Project, 49, 51

679 summit of 2009, 532, 536

alimony, 258, 342 10-10-10-20 plan and, 443-50, 462

Alinsky, Saul, 519 three-phase timeline, 447

¬© Alito, Samuel, 635, 715, 754, 756 Windsor and Hollingsworth v. Perry and,

Allard, Wayne, 373, 382 658-60, 701, 724

Alliance Defending Freedom, 758 American Enterprise Institute, 331

Alliance Defense Fund, 325, 331, 350, 383, | American Family Association, 337, 344,

479, 756 346, 357, 374, 379-80, 470, 496

Alliance for Equal Rights, 241-42 American Foundation for Equal Rights

Alliance for Marriage (AFM), 329-36, (AFER), 626-34, 649, 723

338-39, 341, 350, 360, 366, 501 American Indian Movement, 429

Alliance for Traditional Marriage, 240, American International Group, 497

378 American Legion, 46

Allred, Gloria, 522 American Psychoanalytic Association, 472

Amazon, 611 American Samoa Community College,

AMERICAblog, 639, 682 112

American Airlines, 346 Americans with Disabilities Act (1990),

American Association of Political 166, 683

Consultants, 607 American University Law School, 171

American Association of Retired Persons Amestoy, Jeffrey, 278-80, 282-84

(AARP), 349, 381, 453, 746 Amherst College, 128, 146

American Center for Law and Justice, 130, | Amish, 383

298 Analyst Institute, 549, 585

American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), Anchorage, Alaska, 414-15

7, 40, 46-58, 62, 67, 163, 174-75, 249, Anchorage Superior Court, 415

325, 333, 337, 425, 444-45, 587, 590, Anderegg, Jake, 755, 756

621, 623-26, 647, 656, 658, 700, 723, Anderson, Arthur, 116

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Anderson, Kenny, 341-42

“animus” motivation, 666-67, 717

Ann Arbor Folk Festival, 177

antidiscrimination laws, 563. See also

employment discrimination

antimiscegenation laws. See interracial

marriage

antisodomy statutes, 200, 251-52, 280, 392,

418, 644, 667

Lawrence v. Texas strikes down, 348-51,

447

apartheid, 52, 54, 308

Apostolic Signatura (Vatican), 479

Apple Computer, 183

Apuzzo, Virginia, 11

Aravosis, John, 639

Arcus Foundation, 452-53

Argentina, 559

Arizona, 106, 412, 725

constitutional referendum, 460, 485, 501,

532

Arkansas Gay and Lesbian Task Force, 6

Arkansas Supreme Court, 4-5, 647-48,

727

Arkes, Hadley, 128-29, 146-49, 154,

156-57, 330

Arlington Group, 344, 348-75, 378-79,

382-84, 470, 484-85, 501

Arlington National Cemetery, 619

Armey, Dick, 157, 187-88, 338

Arthur, John, 720-21

Articles of Confederation, 539

Asbury Park, New Jersey, 377

Asch, Adrienne, 56

Ashton, Alan C., 506

Asian Americans, 327, 332,465, 542

Asness, Cliff, 562

Aspen, Colorado, 127

Aspen Institute, 431

assault-weapons ban, 142‚Äî43

Assembly of God, 132, 486

Associated Press (AP), 218, 235, 284, 327,

331, 347, 613, 625

Astraea Lesbian Foundation, 540, 543

Atkins, Toni, 473

Atlanta Fournal-Constitution, 142, 147

Atlantic, 460, 487, 560, 756

Atlantic Philanthropies, 444

Index | 873

Auclert, Hubertine, 398-99

Audacity of Hope, The (Obama), 677-78, 703

Austin American-Statesman, 183

Avery, Sean, 584

Axelrod, David, 640, 678

Bachelor, Dina, 9, 38

Badger, Doug, 155

Baehr, C. J, 23-25, 66, 748

Baehr, Ninia, 23-28, 30-31, 44, 63, 66,

69-70, 76, 78, 101, 393-94, 672-73,

738-41, 743, 746, 748-51

Baebr v. Anderson (formerly Baebr v. Lewin),

297, 742

Bachr v. Lewin (later Baebr v. Anderson; Baebr

2 Miike), 69-89, 93-104, 110, 113, 119,

146, 250-52, 261, 325, 393-95, 398-400,

402, 409-12, 414, 417, 422, 499, 648,

737-7, 750-53

Baebr v. Mitke (formerly Baebr v. Lewin),

168, 174, 177-80, 238-39, 244, 633

Bailey, Gloria, 309

Baim, Tracy, 677

Baker, Jack (Pat Lyn McConnell),

4549, 54

Baker, Kyle, 232

Baker, Stannard, 273-74, 284

Baker et al. v. State of Vermont, 272-94, 301,

303, 331

Baker v. Nelson, 49, 575, 635-36, 728

Bakker, Jim, 357

Bakker, Tammy Faye, 357

Balanced Budget Amendment, proposed,

144

Baldwin, Tammy, 583

Baltimore Sun, 738

Baptist Press, 367

Baptists, 132, 337

Barnes, Fred, 404

Barnes, Melody, 622

Barr, Bob, 141-58, 225

Barr, Gail, 142

Barrios, Jarrett, 299-300

Barron, David, 638

Barr-Sawyer, Jonathan, 248-49

Barr-Sawyer, Todd, 248-49

Barry, Marion, 59

Barwick, Paul, 54-55

afgfe1 1:11 pw | |

874 | Index

Basic Rights Oregon, 549-53, 588, 601

Bassin, Ian, 641, 668

Batali, Mario, 584

Bateman, Lance, 745-46

Bauer, Bob, 670

Bauer, Gary, 134-35, 153, 186, 325, 347,

351-55, 361, 363-64, 368

Baxley, Mo, 579

Bay Windows, 155, 299

Bazelon, Emily, 309

Becerra, Xavier, 225

Beck, Nina, 274, 284

Belcher, Cornell, 678-9

Belden Russonello & Stewart, 444

Ben-Ami, Jeremy, 206, 211

Ben & Jerry’s, 183

Benedict XVI, Pope (Joseph Ratzinger),

480

Benenson, Joel, 685, 689

Bennett, Bill, 361

Bennett, Roberta, 7

Benson, Ezra Taft, 110

Berkshire Eagle, 306

Bernalillo, New Mexico, 377

Bernhardt, Bret, 156

Bernstein, Mary, 259

Bezos, Jeff, 611

Biden, Joe, 639-40, 688-89, 693-94

“Bill to Define ‚ÄòMarriage’ and ‚ÄòSpouse, A”

(Oliphant), 139

Binder, David, 523, 542

Biogen, 759

Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group, 699

Birch, Elizabeth, 13, 181-92, 196-99,

217-19, 232, 237-43, 433

Birmingham, Tom, 307

Black, Timothy, 721, 724

Black Ministerial Alliance, 327

Blackmun, Harry, 71-72, 361

Black Panthers, 39

Black's Law Dictionary, 279

Blackwell, Morton, 134, 144

Blanchard, Leslie, 57

Blankenhorn, David, 315-23, 328, 341-43,

545, 648-51, 655, 726

Bloomberg, Michael, 561, 611

Bloomberg News, 723

Blue Earth County, Minnesota, 48

Boehner, John, 157, 399, 699, 716

Bohnett, David, 452, 454

Boies, David, 628-34, 643-46, 650, 653,

656, 701-2, 714

Bolthouse Farms boycott, 567

Bonauto, Mary, 247-57, 266-67, 269,

272, 276, 282, 284, 291, 295-311, 417,

443-47, 617-25, 628-29, 641-42,

653-70, 721-24, 726, 730-33, 735

Gill and, 618, 621, 626, 629, 641, 653-59,

668, 722

Goodridge and, 304-11, 319, 375, 443, 618,

621, 653, 733

MacArthur Genius Grant and, 731

Obergefell and, 732-33

Pederson and, 659, 668

Windsor and, 658-59, 668, 670, 721-24,

730-31, 733

Bond, Brian, 213

Bonior, David, 225

Bono, Chastity, 185, 222

Bono, Sonny, 185, 222

Book of Mormon, 111

Book of Mormon, The (musical), 609

Booz Allen Hamilton, 684

Bork, Robert, 330-31, 373

“Born This Way” (song), 574

Boston, 298-300, 375

Boston Children’s Hospital, 274

Boston City Council, 248

Boston Globe, 248-49, 255, 305, 334, 358,

494, 610

Boston Herald, 298

“Boston marriages,” 8

Boswell, John, 405-6

Boulder, Colorado, 50, 127

Boutrous, Ted, 624, 626-27, 643

Bowers v. Hardwick, 66-67, 71, 128, 175,

348, 391, 418, 447, 713

Bay Meets Bay (TV show), 357

Boys & Girls Club of Colorado Springs,

430

Boy Scouts, 76, 394, 417-18

Boy Scouts of America v. Dale, 417-19

Bradley, Bill, 287, 420

Brandeis University, 327

Braschi case, 57-58, 444

Brause, Jay, 413-15

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Brause v. Bureau of Vital Statistics, 297

Bravo (TV network), 357

Breyer, Stephen, 195

Brides, 357

Bridges, Rutt, 436

Brigham vs. State, 271

Brigham Young University, 111-12,

115-16, 324, 486, 500, 639

law school, 93, 95

Brigham Young University Law Review, 97

Brokeback Mountain (film), 481-82

Brom, Bishop Robert, 478-79

Brookline, Massachusetts, 298

Brooklyn (freighter), 503‚Äî4

Brown, Brian, 486-88, 528, 569-71

Brown, Henry, 665

Brown, Jerry, 193, 472, 662

Brown, Mark, 675

Brownback, Sam, 373, 635

Brown v. Board of Education, 703‚Äî4, 709,

731,735

Buddhism, 65, 67-68, 78-79

Buermeyer, Nancy, 240, 242-43

Buffalo, New York, 557

Build the Majority objective, 559

Bull, Chris, 126

Bulworth (film), 688

Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms,

143

Burlington Free Press, 259, 264, 286

Burlington pride parade, 256, 264-65,

273

Burns, James S., 81-82, 85, 87-88

Burress, Phil, 128, 349, 355, 377-84

Bursch, John J., 732, 734-35

Busch, Michael E., 600

Buseck, Gary, 539-40

Bush, George H. W,, 6, 141, 163, 193, 317,

352-53, 635

Bush, George W., 15, 318, 323, 347,

352-56, 365-73, 378, 383-84, 387, 436,

439-10, 456, 480, 484, 550, 560, 626,

628, 635, 642, 675, 678, 706

Bush, Laura, 369

Bush, Linda, 440

Bush v. Gore, 628-29, 712

Business Leaders for the Freedom to

Marry, 583

Index | 875

Buttigieg, Pete, 759-60

BuzzFeed, 697,725

Cabaret (musical), 392

“Cabinet, the,” 452-59, 551, 555, 679

California, 50, 126, 133, 325, 412-13, 420,

422, 448-49, 463, 470-71, 475, 479, 494,

555,575

campaign finance and, 498

civil unions and, 470, 742

domestic partnerships and, 410, 463

marriages of 2004 and, 370-72

Perry and standing issue, 700-701

tax relief bill (2002), 470

California Against Hate “Dishonor Roll,”

567

California Conference of Catholic

Bishops, 479-82

California Constitution, 370, 403, 449,

470-71, 478-83

California Equality Project (/ater Let

California Ring), 464-65

California Fair Political Practices

Commission, 568

California Family Code, 420

California Family Council, 491

California Family Protection Act (2001),

335

Californians Against Hate, 497-98

California Proposition 6 (Briggs Initiative,

1978), 126, 508

California Proposition 8 (formerly

Marriage Protection Act, 2008),

488-511, 515-35, 541-43, 548-51,

566-68, 584, 591-95, 599, 605, 607, 609,

612, 629-30, 680, 743, 751. See also No

on 8 campaign (California); Yes on 8

campaign; specific cases

legal challenges to, 522, 623-24, 627-34,

637-38, 643-51, 655-56, 662, 700, 702,

FLO-15, 719

California Proposition 22 (Knight

Initiative, 2000), 420, 463-65, 469-76,

490-91, 496, 503, 519, 542-43, 548

struck down, 491-92, 508

California Proposition K, 476

California state legislature, 50, 335, 411,

420, 463, 466, 469

afgfe1 1:11 pw | |

876 | Index

California Supreme Court, 278-79, 371, Catholic University, 349

469, 471-78, 488, 490-93, 495, 501, 508, School of Law, 5

535, 623-27, 700 Cayetano, Ben, 742

California Western School of Law, 396, CBS, 16, 112, 166, 628

424 CBS Evening News, 49

“Call, The” (prayer rally), 497, 510 Cellucci, Paul, 299

Cambridge, Massachusetts, 298-300, 375 Center for American Progress, 453, 687

Cameron, David, 707 LGBT Research and Communications

campaign finance, 7, 106, 161-62, 455, 458, Project, 683

542, 611 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 141

Campaign for California Families, 470, Chamber of Commerce, 184

471, 472, 492 Chambers, David, 257

Campaign for Military Service, 163, 395, Chang, David, 584

423-24 Chang, Kevin, 239-40, 648, 739-41

Campaign for Working Families, 361 Chapel Hill-Chauncy Hall School, 250,

campaign in a box, 574 310

Campbell, David, 106 Charleston African Methodist Episcopal

Canada, 349, 480, 575, 658, 745 Church shootings, 753

Canady, Charles, 153-56 Checkers and Pogo (TV show), 22

Candidates’ Guide on How to Support Cheney, Dick, 354, 369

Marriage Equality, 540 Cheney, Mary, 369

Capek, Mary Ellen, 439, 547 Chenoweth, Helen, 144

Card, Orson Scott, 529 Cher, 185

Carlbom, Richard, 576-77, 581, 587, Chernaik, Melissa, 593

¬© 594-97, 612-13 Chibbaro, Lou, Jr., 208

Carney, Jay, 694 Chicago Sun-Times, 675

Carpenter, Dale, 575-76 Chico, Gery, 675

Carroll, Danny, 460 child custody, 248

Carter, Jimmy, 195, 420-21 children. See a/se adoption

Carton, Ellen, 448 California Proposition 8 and, 517,

“Case for Gay Marriage, The” (Sullivan), 524-25, 527, 591-93, 595

320, 405 lesbians and loss of, 170

Case for Marriage, The (Gallagher and Maine and, 595

Waite), 321 messaging on, 550, 581, 596, 604‚Äî7, 612

Caster, Terry, 489 New Family Structures study on, 651-52

Castleman, Dan, 603 Obergefell and, 733

Castner, Lynn, 47 Olson-Boies Perry suit and, 645-51

Cathcart, Kevin, 175, 393, 395, 425, same-sex marriage and, 343

449-50 Stand for Marriage Maine and, 530

Catholic Action League of Massachusetts, suspect-class doctrine and, 667

298, 299 Windsor and, 720

Catholic Church, 29, 40, 118-23, 132,134, Childven’s Hour, The (Hellman), 45

240, 248, 258, 304, 324-25, 330, 338, child-support, 149, 327, 665

340, 347, 352, 405, 469, 474, 478-83, Chinese Community Church of

486-89, 497-500, 503, 505-6, 511, 528, Washington, 332

585, 600-601, 605, 610-11, 688-89 Chittenden County, Vermont, 272, 276,

Catholic Diocese of Portland, 530 303

Catholic Social Services, 39 Chong, Vanessa, 41, 43, 60, 62

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Christian Coalition, 118, 125-26, 134, 147,

185

Christian conservatives. See religious

conservatives; specific denominations

Christianity, Social Tolerance, and

Homosexuality (Boswell), 405

Christian Reformed movement, 145

Christian Science Monitor, 120, 327

Christian Seniors Association, 349

Christie, Chris, 600, 724

church and state, separation of, 336-37

Churchill, Winston, 527

Church of the Nazarene, 118

Cillizza, Chris, 707

Cincinnati, 128, 195, 378-80

Cincinnati city charter, Article XII (1998),

380, 383

CitizenLink, 367

Citizens for Community Values, 128,

377-78, 380, 384

Citizens for Equal Protection, 624

Citizens United, 568

Civil Division (DOJ), 661, 722

civil marriage, 263-64, 274

Civil Marriage Collaborative, 439, 551,

578-80, 613

Civil Rights Act (1964), 161, 333, 676, 683,

760-61

Civil Rights Division (DOJ), 669

civil-rights law, 11, 87, 279-80, 397,

448-49

civil-rights movement, 17, 63, 170, 230,

315, 333, 389, 427, 465, 475, 735

civil-service regulations, 619

civil unions

ACLU and, 447-48, 656

California and, 335, 470, 474-75, 662,

742

Connecticut and, 486, 655

domestic partnerships vs., 463

Federal Marriage Amendment and, 335,

360-64, 373-74

Hawaii and, 742

Massachusetts and, 303, 365-67, 369,

371, 374

Minnesota and, 596

Nebraska and, 379

New Hampshire and, 578

Index | 877

New Jersey and, 487, 530, 724, 742

Obama and, 15-16, 675, 677, 710-11

Ohio and, 381

public opinion and, 553

same-sex marriage vs., 302-3, 310, 602-3

state constitutional amendments

banning, 384

10-10-10-20 plan and, 448, 533-34

Vermont and, 13, 275, 288-98, 301-3,

418-20, 446, 459, 602-3, 742

Windsor and Hollingsworth v. Perry and,

710-11

Civil War, 625, 665

Clackamas County, Maine, 592

Clark, Chris, 473-78, 496-97, 530

Clayton, James L., 498

Clement, Paul, 699-700, 715-17, 732

Cleveland Heights, Ohio, 381

Clinton, Bill, 3-7, 12, 135-39, 142-43, 147,

155-66, 190, 193, 197-219, 317, 352-53,

458, 558, 626, 679, 685, 694

DOMA and, 11-15, 140, 157-58, 161,

178-79, 204-19, 223-24, 220-38, 247,

410, 617, 663

Don’t Ask Don’t Tell and, 164, 197-98,

205, 209, 423, 636-37, 663

elections of 1992 and, 6-7, 126-27, 130,

193

elections of 1994 and, 178

elections of 1996 and, 3, 131, 194-98,

215-16, 219-20, 236-37

Clinton, Hillary Rodham, 6, 676, 680,

708

Club for Growth, 486-87

CNN, 192, 199, 516, 573, 690, 706, 753

Coakley, Martha, 654

Coalition for Equality in New Mexico,

439

Coalition for Marriage, 606

Cohen, Bruce, 623

Cohen, Steve (Cuomo aide), 558

Cohen, Steven A. (head of SAC), 562-63

Colbert, Stephen, 527

Coleman, Thomas, 410-12

Coles, Matt, 58, 301-2, 441-50, 462, 517,

532, 534, 536-40, 555, 621, 625, 628,

631, 633-34, 656-57, 669, 701

Colicchio, Tom, 584

afgfe1 1:11 pw | |

878 | Index

Colorado, 50, 201, 205, 439, 533, 725

ballot questions of 2006, 452

elections of 2004, 436-37

Colorado Amendment 2 (1992), 127-29,

148, 155-56, 195-96, 380, 428-29, 433,

654, 657, 667, 713

Colorado Civil Rights Commission, 757

Colorado College, 429

Colorado Court of Appeals, 757

Colorado Families First, 437

Colorado for Family Values, 128, 378

Colorado Springs, 378, 430

Colorado state election board, 437

Colorado state legislature, 435-39, 452

Colson, Charles, 363, 364, 372

Columbia Law School, 658

Columbus Dispatch, 381, 706-7

Comey, James B., 707

Commerce Department, 166

Common Sense America, 487

Common Sense Now, 114

“compelling state interest,” 664-65

Concerned Women for America, 133, 334,

337, 339, 358, 360, 378, 470

Cond√© Nast, 357

“conflicted” voters, 591, 597-98

Congregation for the Doctrine of the

Faith, 480

Congressional Budget Office, 687

Congressional Research Service,

American Law Division, 137-38

Connecticut, 529, 578, 659

Connecticut Supreme Court, 486, 621,

624, 655-56

Connolly, Thomas, 307

Connor, Ken, 334-36, 338, 353, 360

Connors v. Boston, 298-300

Conservative Leaders mailing list, 144

Conservative Political Action Conference,

147

Considerations Regarding... Legal Recognition

to Unions Between Homosexual Persons

(Vatican), 480

contraception, 45, 67,95, 478, 481, 590,

688, 691

Contract with America, 142-44

“conversations challenge campaign,”

593-98, 603-4, 613

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Conway, Kellyanne, 484

Cook County, Illinois, 727

Coolidge, David Orgon, 325-30, 364

Cooper, Chuck, 632-33, 644-50,

712-13

Coral Ridge Ministries, 355, 357

Cordileone, Salvatore, 478-83, 488-89,

497

Cornell University, 668

Cornyn, John, 343, 359, 636

Corporate Equality Index, 184, 568

corporations, 355, 430, 567-68

boycotts of, 346

domestic-partner benefits and, 183-84,

201, 346

gay-friendly ratings and, 184

Corrigan, Carol A., 490

Corzine, Jon, 530

Council for National Policy (CNP),

131-35

Council on Families in America, 320

Council on Foreign Relations, 133

Couples, Inc., 9, 38

Courage Campaign, 522, 535

covenant marriage laws, 317

Cowin, Judith, 311

Cox, Barbara, 396, 424

Cox News, 88

Craig, Charlie, 757-58

Craig, Gregory, 638

Craig, Larry, 140

Cramer, Dan, 594, 598

Crawford, Michael, 684

Crest boycott, 380

Crews, Ronald, 306, 485

“Critical Analysis of Constitutional

Claims for Same-Sex Marriage, A”

(Wardle), 98

Cronkite, Walter, 49

Cruz, Ted, 755

Cuomo, Andrew, 558-66, 570, 600, 608,

685

Cuomo, Mario, 558

Cushing, William, 309

Daddy's Wedding (Willhoite), 508

Dade County (Florida) Metro

Commission, 35

afgfe1 1:11 pw | |

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Daily Herald, 676

Daily Oklaboman, 414

Dale, James, 417-19

Dancel, Genora, 21-31, 63, 66, 69-71, 76,

78, 672, 738-51

Daniels, Matt, 327-41, 350, 358, 360-61,

366, 373, 485, 501

Dannenfelser, Marty, 136, 138

Darden, Buddy, 142, 147

Dart, Justin, 230

Dartmouth College, 328

Davidson, Jon, 395, 623, 626, 708

Davies, Linda, 309

Davis, Denia, 412

Davis, Fred, 141, 148

Davis, Kim, 755

Dayton, Mark, 576

DDB Worldwide, 466

Dean, Craig, 58-59

Dean, Howard, 275, 286-91, 294, 296, 368,

418, 675

Dean v. DC, 59

death penalty, 308, 544

Deaton, Tyler, 707

DeBoer, April, 720

DeBoer v. Snyder, 720-26

Decatur Herald and Review, 746

Declaration of Independence, 220, 539

“Decline to Sign” campaign, 306-7

deep canvassing, 525

Defense Department (Pentagon), 163, 423,

478. See also military

Don’t Ask Don’t Tell and, 662-63

Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA, 1996),

247, 252, 265-66, 287, 289, 320, 324,

359, 379, 416, 436, 546, 551, 608, 673,

739

ACLU and, 443, 658

Arlington Group and, 349, 379

attempt to repeal or doom, 617‚Äî22

Barr and Nickles bills in House and

Senate and, 140-57, 336

Boies/Olson Perry suit and, 629-30

Bonauto’s desire to challenge, 298

Bonauto’s Gill suit vs., 618-23, 625,

628-29, 653-55, 661

Bush II and, 372

Democrats and, 692

Index | 879

enactment and signing of, under Clinton,

LI-L5, 157-61, 204-38, 410

federal benefits and taxes and, 618-20,

681

federal cases and, 668-69, 699

federalism problem and, 716

foreign marriages and, 334

Freedom to Marry and goal of repealing,

544

full-faith-and-credit issues and, 334

Human Rights Campaign and, 440

Massachusetts v. HHS suit and, 654-55

Obama’s evolution and, 536, 628, 638-42,

654-55, 661-71, 676, 680-81

Obama stops defending, in 2011, 15-16,

682, 684, 686

Obergefell and, 728-38

Pederson and, 659

repeal efforts of 2009-2012, 559, 608,

680-81, 687

Section II and III and, 252-53, 620-22

Senate Judiciary Committee hearing on,

343

Smelt and, 680

Sobelsohn foresees passage of,

178-79

strict scrutiny question and, 665-68

Supreme Court strikes down, 719-22

test case vs., 253

Windsor and Hollingsworth v. Perry and

658-59, 670, 699-722

Wolfson and fight vs., 423, 620

DeGeneres, Ellen, 189, 684

DeLay, Tom, 157, 372

Delery, Stuart, 668-69, 671, 722

Dellinger, Walter, 207

DeLotelle, Howard Lee, 42

Democracy Project, 435

Democratic Attorneys General

Association, 454, 669

Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party, 595

Democratic Governors Association,

454

Democratic Legislative Campaign

Committee, 454

Democratic National Committee, 194,

196, 201-2, 209, 213, 231, 424, 437, 549,

559, 680, 689

afgfe1 1:11 pw | |

880 | Index

Democratic National Convention Dole, Robert, 13, 130-31, 134-41, 152,

1992, 130 156-57, 166, 180-82, 185, 218-19, 226,

1996, 220 236, 352

2012, 559, 697 “DOMA Stories” (GLAD booklet), 629

2016, 759 Domestic Partners Benefits and

“Democrats for Domestic Partnership” Obligations Act, proposed, 680

(Coleman), 410 domestic partnerships, 27

Democrats’ “Say I Do” petition, 692 ACLU and, 62, 444, 656

DeMoss, Mark, 502 Boston and, 248, 298-99

Denmark, 26 California and, 463-64, 490-91, 644

Dennis, Kathryn, 746-48 Colorado and, 452

Denver, Colorado, 127 corporations and, 183-84, 201-2, 206,

Deseret News, 105‚Äî6, 108, 501, 529 346, 746

Des Moines, Iowa, 459 District of Columbia and, 180, 193

Des Moines School Board, 125 Family and Medical Leave Act and,

Destro, Robert, 349 137-38

Deutsch, Jo, 692 Federal Marriage Amendment and,

Devlin, Bill, 332 361

DiLone, Jeanette, 341-42 health insurance and, 172

DiLorenzo, Francis X., 119-20 In ve Marriage Cases and, 491

Dinkins, David, 429 LGBT opposition to, 58

Dinwoodie, Becky, 242 marriage movement and, 322

disability movement, 11 Massachusetts and, 298-303, 307, 619

discrimination, anti- LGBT. See also New York City and, 404

¬© employment discrimination, specific public colleges and, 381

statutes and types public opinion and, 243, 553

on basis of marital status, 250 same-sex marriage vs., 625

Colorado and, 127, 428, 452 state constitutional amendments

DOMA and, 639 banning, 384

domestic partnership and, 62 10-10-10-20 plan and, 448, 533-34

Hawaii and, 72, 81-82, 86-89 Vermont and, 283, 287, 290-92

military and, 164 Washington State and, 602

right to marry and, 391 West Hollywood and, 27, 401-2

same-sex marriage prohibition as, Windsor and Hollingsworth v. Perry and,

56-58 711

statutes banning, 10, 35, 446 Wolfson-Coleman debate on,

U.S. congressional staff and 165 410-11

Vermont ban on, 256 Domestic Policy Council, 206

Washington, DC, and, 59 Donahue, Jimmy, 34

workplace, 5 Don’t Ask Don’t Tell, 163-65, 175, 179,

Disney Company, 346 195-98, 205, 209, 636-37, 679-80

divorce, 292, 327, 329, 494 repealed, 663-64, 682-83, 695

no-fault, 93, 222, 317, 320, 481 Dooley, John, 277, 283-84

Dobson, James, 325, 336-38, 347, 356, 360, Dorf, Michael, 668

479 Dorsey, Jack, 684

Dodd-Frank Act (2010), 710 Dow, 759

Doe v. Bolton, 362 Doyle, C. J., 298

Doherty, William, 321, 323 DP Lobby Day, 299, 302

| | Isse_9781524748739_all_5p_r1.s.indd 880 & Bit 1:11 pw | |

| | Isse_9781524748739_all_5p_r1.s.indd 881

Dred Scott v. Sandford, 372, 625, 637, 665,

754

Dreher, Rod, 757

due-process rights, 80, 656-57

job discrimination and, 47

Obama and, 666

Obergefell and, 752

Duffy, John-Charles, 102

Duffy, Michael T., 250

Dugan, Gene, 414-15

Dukakis, Michael, 247, 421, 458

Duncan, Arne, 694

Duncan, William C., 500

Dunlap, Victoria, 371

Dunn, Loren, 114-22

Duran, John, 490

“duty to defend,” 638, 661, 663-64, 668

Eagle Forum, 5, 362

Earhart, Tim, 34

Earnest, Josh, 708

East Clairemont Southern Baptist Church,

473, 477

Eastern Orthodox Church, 499

Education Department, 166

Edwards, John (U.S. senator), 382

Edwards, John (Vermont representative),

288, 293-94

Egan, Patrick, 541‚Äî42

Eichor, Rick, 239, 648, 740

eight-state solution, 710, 715, 732

8: The Mormon Proposition (documentary

film), 609

Eisenhower, Dwight, 709

elections

of 1968, 501

of 1976, 420

of 1980, 421

of 1988, 118, 457-58

of 1992, 3-4, 6, 126-27, 130, 142, 192-94,

202

of 1994, 126, 141, 146, 167, 174, 177-78,

182-83, 187

of 1996, 3, 12-13, 125, 130-31, 135-36,

141, 147-48, 155, 179-81, 190, 192-97,

204, 209, 212, 215-16, 219-20, 226,

236-37, 240-42, 352, 741

of 1998, 243, 287, 420

Index | 881

of 2000, 287-88, 296-97, 302, 352, 420,

434, 438, 628

of 2002, 347

of 2004, 355, 368, 372-74, 382-85, 436,

439-40, 452, 456-57, 480, 560, 675-78,

710

of 2006, 458-60, 484, 556

of 2007, 487-88

of 2008, 484, 493, 495, 502-3, 510-11,

515-16, 622, 636, 677-80, 682, 689

of 2009, 531, 535, 538

of 2010, 493, 531, 543, 557-59, 571, 575,

660, 663, 683

of 2012, 529, 543, 559, 570, 576-78,

583-614, 684-98, 725

of 2014, 570

of 2016, 16, 725, 754-55

of 2020, 16, 759-60

electoral college, 383

Eleveld, Kerry, 664, 667, 681, 685

Elliott Management, 560-61

Ellis, Kevin, 289-90

Elman, Philip, 704

Emanuel, Rahm, 235

Embry, Cheryl, 36-37, 76

EMILY’s List, 427

Emmer, Tom, 568

Empire State Pride Agenda, 196, 212, 395,

413, 425-26, 556-57, 560

employment discrimination, 10, 161, 200,

224, 430

attempt to pass ban on, 166

Baker-McConnell case and, 46-48

California and, 126

Hawaii and, 23, 28, 40, 100-101

Massachusetts and, 247

nondiscrimination laws and, 726

U.S. Congress and, 165-66

Employment Non-Discrimination Act

(ENDA, 1994), 166-67, 175, 178,

223-24, 226-30, 232, 683, 758

Empower America, 361

Enemies of Evos, The (Gallagher), 320

Energy Department, 166

Enright, Janice, 210, 213

Enron, 661

environmentalists, 437, 604

Episcopal Church, 357

afgfe1 1:11 pw | |

882 | Index

Equality Act, proposed, 758, 760

Equality California, 464-66, 522, 535, 543,

567, 588

Equality California Institute, 543

Equality Hawaii, 744

Equality Mlinois, 674

Equality Maine, 581, 587

Equality Maryland, 600-601

Equality Michigan, 721

Equality New Mexico, 547

Equality Summit ‘09, 518-20

Equality Virginia, 458

equal-protection rights, 396, 603, 656-57

California and, 471

Hawaii and, 86-87, 89, 103

Montana and, 749

Obama and, 665-67

Obergefell and, 732,752

tiered scrutiny and, 665-67

Windsor and, 700, 715-16

US. Constitution and, 71-72, 74, 80,

396

Equal Rights, Not Special Rights

Committee, 125, 380

Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), 5, 106,

114, 118, 133, 146, 269

Ervin, Sam J., Jr, 5

Esseks, James, 532, 537, 624-25, 646-47,

656, 658-59, 724

Ethics and Public Policy Center, 325, 330

Ettelbrick, Paula, 171-74, 256-58, 392-95,

402, 408, 413-14

evangelicals, 6, 106, 112, 118, 125, 132,

134, 145, 152, 327, 335-37, 345, 347,

351-53, 361, 369, 430, 473-79, 482-85,

491, 495-502, 505, 510-11, 530, 635,

644. See also religious conservatives

ExxonMobil, 684

Facebook, 596, 757

Fairfax, California, 472

Fall Out Boy, 507

Falwell, Jerry, 33, 134, 347, 356

family

broader definition of, 257

decline of, 327

Family and Medical Leave Act (1993),

137-38, 716

| | Isse_9781524748739_all_5p_r1.s.indd 882

“Family: A Proclamation to the World,

The” (LDS), 108

Family First Agenda, 320

Family Institute of Connecticut, 486

family law, 170, 328-29

Family Law Notes, 93

Family Policy, 137

Family Research Council (FRC), 134-38,

152-53, 186, 334-38, 344, 351, 353-54,

358-61, 367, 371,470, 571

family values, 117, 120, 142, 180, 215, 316,

320, 478

Farber, Daniel A., 666

Farnham, Lois, 273-74

Farris, Michael, 374

Fatherless America (Blankenhorn), 317

fatherlessness, 327, 329, 340-41, 344

Fauntroy, Walter, 333, 341

Faust, Sonia, 72-73, 80-82, 87

federal administrative law, 619

federal benefits, 214, 353, 619-20, 629,

639, 670

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI),

145, 500, 707

Federal Communications Commission

(FCC), 23

Federal Emergency Management Agency

(FEMA), 402

federal employees, same-sex partner

benefits, 641

Federal Housing Administration, 200

federal judiciary, 536, 667-68. See also US.

Court of Appeals; U.S. Supreme Court,

specific cases

ACLU three-phase timeline and, 447,

624-26

DOMA cases of 2012 and, 699-700

Olson and Boies suit launched in, 626-31

Smelt and, 637-38

federal laws, number using “marriage” and

“spouse,” 151

Federal Marriage Act (proposed), 360

Federal Marriage Amendment (proposed),

15, 319, 326-41, 344, 349-55, 358-69,

372-75, 378-79, 382, 384, 387, 436, 440,

444-46, 456, 470, 482, 484, 500-501,

546, 551, 560, 622, 678, 707, 756

federal pensions, 151

afgfe1 1:11 pw | |

| | Isse_9781524748739_all_5p_r1.s.indd 883

Federal Reserve, 200

Feingold, Russ, 344

Feinstein, Dianne, 228, 509-10

Feldblam, Chai, 162, 166, 175, 177, 195,

206, 223-24

feminists, 27, 171-72, 248, 256, 259-60,

317, 390, 402, 403, 437

Field Institute, 493

Fight Back New York, 557-58, 565

Finkelstein, Arthur, 132

Finneran, Thomas, 299

firefighters, death benefits and, 353

First Amendment, 498, 605, 611, 755

First Amendment Defense Act (proposed),

756-77

First Ever Mass Gay Divorce, 407

First Federated Church (Des Moines),

124-25, 130-31

First Things symposium, 330

First Unitarian Church of Honolulu, 672

Fisher, Jeffrey, 730

Fitzpatrick, Keith, 620

Flanagan, Ed, 296

Fleischer, Ari, 351

Fleischer, Dave, 519-26, 532

Fleming, Michael, 454

Flint, Jeff, 492-93, 505, 508-10, 602, 607

Florida, 35, 106, 153, 412, 448

elections of 2000 and, 352, 628

Florida circuit court, 647‚Äî48

Focus on the Family, 134, 327, 333, 336‚Äî

38, 351, 356-57, 366, 371, 379-80, 383

Fois, Andrew, 207-8

Foley, Dan, 63-85, LOL, 168, 23944, 253,

296, 394-95, 404, 409, 411, 624, 737-413,

747-48, 751-53

Foley, Tom, 164-65, 187

Ford, Gerald, 545

Ford Foundation, 425, 427

Foreman, Matt, 440

Fort DeRussy, 37

Fortune 500, 184

Foster, Henry, 135

foster parents, 54, 248, 647

Fourteenth Amendment, 662, 703, 733

due-process clause, 47, 80, 271, 656-57,

666, 752

equal-protection clause, 71, 271, 665, 733

Index | 883

Obergefell and, 737

tiered scrutiny and, 665-67

Fox, Christine, 397

Fox News, 697

Fox TV network, 28

Frandsen, Russell, 504

Frank, Barney, 164, 166, 175, 180, 182,

186-91, 194, 204, 218, 221-26, 237, 247,

398, 406, 731

Frazzini, Jeana, 588, 601

Free Congress Foundation, 352

“Freedom” campaign ad, 236-37

Freedom to Marry (post-2009) 543-55,

558-59, 570, 573-614, 684, 689-90, 692,

707, 725, 726, 750

Freedom to Marry (video), 266, 273

Freedom to Marry Coalition (pre-2009),

158, 267, 269, 387, 403-4, 415, 426, 450,

463, 466, 539-43

Freedom to Marry Foundation, 439

FR.EE. (Fight Repression of Erotic

Expression), 47

Frickey, Philip P., 666

Friedman, Bernard, 720-21, 726

Friends and Family program, 596

Friends of Hawaii Equal Rights Marriage

Project, 741

Frist, Bill, 351, 354, 358-59, 373, 382

Frontiers, 515

Frontline (TV show), 318

Frye, Donna, 472, 474

full-faith-and-credit clause, 13, 124, 149,

152-53, 207, 214, 252, 334, 376, 379, 398

Alito on, 635

DOMA and, 156, 620-21

Netherlands and, 334

fundamentalists, 133-34, 485

Future of the Marriage Movement

conference (Osprey Point, 2003),

318-21

Future Shock (documentary film), 8

Gabbard, Carol, 113, 745

Gabbard, Mike, 112-14, 123-25, 240, 243,

378, 741, 744-45

Gabbard, Tulsi, 745

“Gala with the Gay Community”

(Sheraton, 2011), 685-87

afgfe1 1:11 pw | |

884 | Index

Gallagher, John, 126

Gallagher, Maggie, 320-23, 340-46,

364-65, 483-88, 531, 545, 566, 569-70,

608-9, 648, 651-52, 655, 725

Gallup polls, 502, 574, 685, 688

Galston, Bill, 317

Gang of Four, 436-37, 452

Gansler, Douglas, 670

“Garden Wedding” ad, 542-43

Garff, Ken, 567

Garlow, Jim, 476-78, 482, 495-97, 510

Garrow, David J., 672

Gates, Bill, 611

Gates, Robert, 637

“Gathering Storm” ads, 527-28, 569

Gawker, 631

Gay Activists Alliance, 169

Gay and Lesbian Activist Alliance, 341

Gay and Lesbian Advocacy Association,

40-41

Gay & Lesbian Advocates and Defenders

(GLAD), 168, 247-54, 261, 266, 269,

298-305, 308, 310, 425, 439, 444, 535,

539, 580, 588, 617-19, 621, 629, 653,

659, 670, 700, 722

Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against

Defamation, 441

Gay and Lesbian Community Center

(Honolulu), 27, 32

Gay and Lesbian Education

Association, 77

Gay and Lesbian Fund for Colorado, 430,

435

Gay and Lesbian Lawyers Association of

Florida, 210

Gay and Lesbian Pride Week (Hawaii),

34, 37-38

Gay and Lesbian Utah Democrats, 397

Gay City News, 440-41, 540, 544

Gay Community News, 33, 36-37, 42

Gay Insider, The (Hunter), 401

Gay Liberation Front, 39

gay liberation movement, 260

Gay Marriage Project, 43, 76

“Gay Marriages: Make them Legal”

(Stoddard), 392

Gay Men’s Health Crisis (New York), 402,

426

| | Isse_9781524748739_all_5p_r1.s.indd 884

gay-pride parades. See Pride parades

Gay Rights, Special Rights (video), 127

“Gays and Marriage” (Milwaukee Journal

series), 9

Geffen, David, 431

Gejdenson, Sam, 225

gender discrimination, 31, 394, 666

sexuality discrimination vs., 86

gender equality movement, 11

gender roles, traditional, 317

General Accounting Office, 228

General Electric, 746

GeoCities, 452

George, Robert, 330, 338, 372-73, 485-86,

528, 651

Georgetown University Law School, 162,

175, 373

Georgia, 51, 66, 147, 200, 348, 759

Georgia constitutional amendment (2004),

384

Georgia Democratic Party, 147

Georgia Gay Political Action Committee,

147

Georgia Republican Party, 141-42, 147,

153

Georgia Right to Life, 147

Gephardt, Dick, 225, 227, 675

GetEQUAL, 680

Gibbs, Robert, 688

Gibbs, Susan, 329

GI Bill, 45

Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher, 409, 624, 627

Gifford, Rufus, 678, 680, 697

Gilbert, Richard, 625

Gilgoff, Dan, 336

Gill, Nancy, 618, 621

Gill, Robert, 58-59

Gill, Tim, 14, 16, 428-39, 451-60, 463,

487, 551, 555-57, 571, 669, 694

Gill Action Fund, 455-61, 463, 538, 540,

555, 560-61, 570, 583

Gillespie, Ed, 365

Gill Foundation, 430, 432-42, 445, 448,

450-61, 464, 516, 578

Gill v. Office of Personnel Management,

618-21, 625, 629, 641, 653-56, 658-59,

661, 664, 668, 722

Gingrich, Candace, 185

afgfe1 1:11 pw | |

| | Isse_9781524748739_all_5p_r1.s.indd 885

Gingrich, Newt, 142-44, 147, 152, 157,

185, 187-89, 220, 352

Ginsburg, Ruth Bader, 418, 715-16,

727-28

Glasser, Ira, 52, 62

Glendon, Mary Ann, 330

Glezman, Chasten, 759

Glynn, Mary Ellen, 236

Goeglein, Tim, 352, 354

Gold, Deeg, 407

Goldberg, Suzanne, 169-72

Golden Report, 694, 697

Golden Rule, 587, 604, 744

Goldfarb, Stephen M,, 47

Goldwater, Barry, 224

Gompers, Samuel, 186

Good Morning America, 695

Goodridge, Annie, 305

Goodridge, Hilary, 304-5, 375, 494

Goodridge, Julie, 304-5, 375, 494

Goodridge v. Department of Public Health,

305-11, 319, 321-23, 333, 342, 349, 359,

364-69, 375, 379, 443, 454, 479, 484-85,

494, 532, 588, 618, 621, 653, 675, 733

Goodyear, 550

Gore, Al, 208-10, 212, 219, 230, 234, 287,

317, 420, 628

Gorelick, Jamie, 166

Gorsuch, Neil, 760-61

Goslant, Keith, 266

Gossett, Charles W,, 493

Gracey, Lila, 431

Graff, E. J., 463

Graham, Billy, 475-76

Grainger, Katherine, 563

Grassley, Charles, 635-36, 682

Grassroots Solutions, 594

Graulty, Rey, 114, 240

Gravel, Mike, 678

Gray, Michael, 581, 585

Greaney, John, 310-11

Greater Boston Business Council, 249

Green, Joshua, 460

Greenberg Quinlan Rosner, 552

Greenstein, Linda, 487

Gregoire, Christine, 600

Gregorian University (Rome), 479

Gregory, David, 693

Index | 885

Gregory, Sasha, 34

Gregson, Terry, 32, 38

Griffin, Chad, 623-32, 643, 702

Grinnell College, 460

Grisolano, Larry, 691

Griswold v. Connecticut, 95

Groundhog Day memo (Zepatos), 517, 524,

549

Grove, Lisa, 550, 553-54, 574, 581,

592-94, 596, 604, 612, 692

Grunn, Robert, 721

Guam, 424

Guerriero, Patrick, 456-58

Guest, Michael, 353

Gunderson, Steve, 225-26

Gussis, Chrysanthe, 200-201

Gutierrez, Luis, 225

gym memberships, 399

Haas, Evelyn and Walter, Jr. Fund, 422,

425-26, 540

Haft, Marilyn, 49

Hallman, Dan, 118

Hallstrom, Don, 102, 117, 122-23

Halpern v. The Attorney General of Canada, 349

Hamer, Dean, 88

Hammer, Christopher, 625, 637-38

Hansen, Reese, 93, 94

Hara, Dean, 619-20

Hardwick, Michael, 51, 418

Hare Krishna movement, 112

Harkin, Tom, 193

Harlan, John Marshall, 665

Harlem, 8

“Harm Kids Attack” ads, 592

Harrigan, Peter, 273-74

Harris, Kamala, 662

Harris, Martin, 111

Harris, Neil Patrick, 686

Hartmann, Debi, 115, 119, 122, 243

Hartnett, Kathleen, 662-64

Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law

Review, 673

Harvard Gay & Lesbian Review, 190

Harvard Law Review, 673

Harvard University, 183, 308-9, 405

Law School, 61, 207, 330, 390-92, 421,

426, 536

afgfe1 1:11 pw | |

886 | Index

Harvey Milk Democratic Club, 402

Hastert, Dennis, 358

Hatalsky, Lanae Erickson, 550-52

Hatch, Orrin, 5, 174-75, 223-24, 362

hate crimes, 180, 228, 348, 423, 446, 452,

636

Hate Crime Statistics Act (1990), 224

Hattoy, Bob, 194, 208

Hawaii, 11, 13, 15, 27-36, 40, 58, 60-64,

67,97, 100-105, 110, 112-20, 123-24,

128-30, 137, 145-49, 151, 154, 174-75,

178-79, 192, 199, 207, 221, 238-42,

250-53, 261, 264-67, 303-4, 315,

324-25, 349, 371, 378-79, 395, 398-412,

417, 419, 422, 425, 438, 444, 460, 463,

469, 499, 508, 537, 584, 620, 624, 633,

648, 672-73, 717, 737-51. See also Baebr

v. Lewin (later Baehr v. Anderson; Baebr v.

Miike)

elections of 1996, 240-42

Hawaii AIDS Task Force, 76

Hawaii Amendment 2 (1998), 243-44, 253,

277, 379, 415, 417, 420, 433, 742-43

Hawaiian Act 2 (1991), 72

Hawaii Board of Education, 115, 119,

745

Hawaii Catholic Congress, 119

Hawati Catholic Herald, 325

Hawaii circuit court, 102-5

Hawaii Civil Rights Commission, 64

Hawaii Civil Rights/Sexual Orientation

Commission, 42

Hawaii Civil Unions Act, 742-46

Hawaii Commission on Sexual

Orientation and the Law, 120, 129, 179,

200, 241

Hawaii Constitution, 67, 80-81, 89, 99,

112, 121-22, 167, 240, 243

Hawaii Constitutional Convention

(1978), 67

Hawaii Democratic Party, 32

Hawaii Equal Rights Marriage Project

(HERMP), 77, 241, 425, 673, 739

Hawaii First strategy, 412, 415

Hawaii Health Department, 31, 40, 44-45,

61, 65, 67, 69, 77, 743, 747

Hawaii Intermediate Court of Appeals,

742

Hawaii Marriage Equality Act (2013),

744-46, 749

Hawaii Marriage Equality Day (2012), 743

“Hawaii Marriage Issue,” 146, 148‚Äî49

Hawaii Public Affairs Council, 110

Hawaii Reciprocal Beneficiaries Program

(1997), 741-42, 746

Hawaii Revised Statutes, 65

Hawaii’s Alliance for Equal Rights, 241

“Hawaii’s Assault on Matrimony” (Family

Policy), 137

Hawaii’s Future Today, 120-23, 240, 243,

324

Hawaii state legislature, 29, 32, 62, 73, 103,

112-15, 117, 119-22, 129, 200, 240-43,

253, 296, 411, 419, 741, 744-45

Hawaii Supreme Court 68, 78-89,

93-94, 96, 98, 100-101, 112-13, 167-68,

174-75, 178-80, 239, 243-44, 255-57,

283, 297, 394-95, 414, 422, 603, 7354,

747-48, 750-52

Hawaii United for Marriage, 744

Hayashi, Yoshimi, 85-87

Head Start, 318

Healey, Maura, 654

Health and Human Services Department,

318

health insurance, 5, 26-27, 44, 172, 249,

255, 298, 618, 688

Healthy Marriage Initiative, 318

Heather Has Two Mommies (Newman), 113

Hedgecock, Roger, 476

Heen, Walter M., 81, 85, 87-88

Height, Dorothy, 230

Hellman, Lillian, 45

Helms, Jesse, 133, 224, 362

Hennepin County, Minnesota, 46-48, 575

Henning, John, 523

“Here Comes the Groom” (Sullivan), 405

Herek, Gregory, 594

Heritage Foundation, 125, 368

Herrera, Dennis J., 472

Hesse, Monica, 528

Hibbard, Karen, 258

Higgins, Kitty, 200

Hill, Ellen, 265

Hillcrest business community, 473-74

Hilton, Perez, 528

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Hinckley, Gordon B., 108-10, 114, 119,

501, 503

Hiris, Lori, 749-50

Hirchito, Emperor of Japan, 65

Hispanic Americans, 127, 225, 332, 557

Hitt, Scott, 6, 233

Hoag, Jack, 115, 122

Hochberg, Fred, 178, 427

Hochberg, Jim, 100-101

Ho Chi Minh, 617

Hoffman, Doug, 531

Hofmann, Mark, 111

Holder, Eric, 671, 702, 710, 722, 731

Holland, Jeffrey, 529

Holland, Matthew, 486, 528-29

Hollings, Fritz, 227

Hollingsworth, Dennis, 700-701, 708

Hollingsworth v. Perry, 700-720, 723. See

also Perry v. Schwarzenegger

home mortgages, 200, 273

Home School Legal Defense Association,

333, 374

homosexuality

ACLU and, as term, 53

as choice, vs. biology, 51, 53, 73-75,

80-81, 88

Christian Coalition vs., 126

Colorado Amendment 2 and, 127

destigmatization of, 357

DOMA and moral disapproval of, 639

Gabbard vs., in Hawaii, 112-14

Institute of American Values and, 319

Mormon (LDS) Church and, 111-12,

117-18

Oregon Measure 9 and, 127

Perry suit and, 632, 644

public opinion on, 493

science-based messaging on, 573-74

Vatican on, 480, 505

Honolulu, 15, 21, 23-46, 58-77, 93,

112-16, 119-21, 129, 324-25, 393-94

Honolulu Advertiser, 30, 34-35, 43, 75, 113,

240, 745-46

Honolulu Star-Bulletin, 75, 122, 242

Hooking Up, Hanging Out and Hoping for Mr.

Right (Blankenhorn), 318

Hoover, Margaret, 562, 564

Hormel, James, 353, 425, 427, 452

Index | 887

Horn, Bill, 124-25, 130, 192

Horn, Steve, 232

Horn, Wade, 317, 318

hospital visitation rights, 27, 54, 151, 170,

402, 677

Hostettler, John, 359

Housing and Urban Development

Department, 200

housing discrimination, 10, 161, 247

Houston Chronicle, 367

ARC Quarterly, 190, 295

Huckabee, Mike, 755

Huff, Christine, 250, 310

Hugo, Julie, 41, 43

Hula’s Bar & Lei Stand, 34, 35, 37

Hull, Blair, 675

Human Events, 360

Human Life Amendment (proposed), 362

Human Rights Campaign Fund (/ater

Human Rights Campaign, HRCF;

HRC)

California and, 464-65, 517, 528

Clinton and, 7, 13, 162-64, 194-98,

219-20, 232, 236

Coles’s 10-10-10-20 group and, 446, 462

congressional workplace discrimination

and, 165-66

corporations and, 568

DOMA and, 13, 204-7, 212, 217-29, 232,

236, 440

early history and political influence of,

161-67

elections of 2012 and, 583

ENDA and, 223-24, 226-30, 232

Federal Marriage Amendment fight and,

333

Gill and, 430, 433-34, 453-54

GOP in Congress and, 180-91

Hawaii and, 167, 174, 178, 240-43, 250,

744

Hillary Clinton and, 708

marriage issue and, 192-93

movement leaders vs., 440-42, 457-58

nightmare scenario of 1994 and, 250

Obama and, 674-81, 686

political donations and, 457-58

state campaigns and, 347 382, 422-25,

560, 578, 599, 601-2, 606, 609

| | Isse_9781524748739_all_5p_r1.s.indd 887 & Bit 1:11 pw | |

888 | Index

Human Rights Campaign Fund (/ater

Human Rights Campaign; HRCF;

HRC) (continued)

transgendered people and, 759

Vermont civil unions and, 295

Windsor and Hollingrworth v. Perry and,

701, 723, 744

Humphreys, Tom, 75-76, 241

Hunt, Terence, 235

Hunter, Nan, 60-61, 425

hunting license fees, 67

Huntsman, Jon, 603

Hurlie, Mary, 261

Hyde, Henry, 153-54

Hynes, Dan, 675

IBM, 427, 628

Iceland, 559

Ickes, Harold, 12, 200, 204‚Äî5, 209-10

Idaho, 106, 140, 144, 501, 547, 726

“T Doz” (Blankenhorn), 318

Illinois, 434, 674-76, 687

Illinois Human Rights Act, 674

Illinois Marriage Equality Act, 727

Illinois state legislature, 666, 673-74

“T Love America” rally (Honolulu), 33

“T’m a Mormon” ads, 609-10

immigration, 3, 188, 481, 690

Immigration and Naturalization Service

(INS), 50-51

IMPACT, 673

Importance of Being Earnest, The (Wilde),

148

incest, 644

Indiana, 529, 533, 726

Industrial Areas Foundation, 519

inheritance rights, 242

Inhofe, James, 164

Inve Adoptions of BLVB. & ELVB,

255-58, 277

In ve guardianship of Sharon Kowalski,

170-71

In ve Marriage Cases, 471, 490-92, 495, 501,

623, 625, 637

Inspirational Network (INSP TV), 355,

357

Institute for American Values, 316-23,

327, 342-43, 345, 648

Institute for Marriage and Public Policy,

343, 364, 483

insurance benefits, 54, 206, 242, 287, 399,

402. See also health insurance

Interfaith Discussion Group on the

Legislation of Same-Sex Marriage, 324,

329

Internal Revenue Service (IRS), 9, 658

International Cuisine Festival, 38

International Flavors and Fragrances,

427

International Olympic Committee, 500

interracial marriage, 66, 252, 278-80, 375,

404, 448-49, 509, 544, 546, 628, 678

Interstate Commerce Commission, 703

“intimate association” concept, 418

Towa, 124-25, 130, 378, 459, 529, 533, 555,

570

elections of 2010, 571

elections of 2012, 583

Iowa Bar Association, 571

Towa caucuses

of 1996, 125, 130-31, 136-37

of 2004, 368

of 2020, 760

Towa state constitution, 459

Towa state courts, 459

Towa state legislature, 457, 459-60,

555-57, 570-71

Iowa Supreme Court, 556, 559, 571, 575,

760

elections of 2010, 571-72, 608

Tran-Contra scandal, 391

Traq War, 637, 745

Isaacson, Arline, 302, 306-7

“Is DOMA Doomed?” (Bonauto), 620

Iskowitz, Michael, 224, 229-30

Islamic Center of New England, 327

Island Lifestyle Magazine, 36, 76

Israel, 697

ISSI firm, 596, 603-4

Istook, Ernest, 146, 164, 337-38

Ithaca, New York, 413-14

Jackson, Jesse, 179

Jackson, Natasha, 743

Jackson, Samuel L., 509

Jackson v. Abercrombie, 743

| | Isse_9781524748739_all_5p_r1.s.indd 888 & Bit 1:11 pw | |

| | Isse_9781524748739_all_5p_r1.s.indd 889

Jacobs, Rick, 522-23

Jacoby, Peter, 215

Jacques, Cheryl, 440

jail visitation rights, 27, 402

Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, 304-5

James Madison Program, 485-86

Japan, 65

Japanese American Citizens League, 403

Japanese immigrants, 703

Jarrett, Valerie, 636, 640, 671, 681-82, 689,

693, 701

Jean, Lorri, 185, 402‚Äî4, 406-7, 518-20

Jeffords, Jim, 223, 226

Jenkins, Woody, 131-32

Jensen, Marlin K., 324, 499

Jensen, Tom, 697

Jersey City summit. See 10-10-10-20 plan

Jewish Voices for Justice, 429

Jews, 499, 505

Jindal, Bobby, 755

JOBS Act (proposed), 691, 693

John, Elton, 22

John Birch Society, 106, 133

John Paul II, Pope, 478, 480

Johns Hopkins University, 738

Johnson, Amy, 575

Johnson, Denise, 277, 284

Johnston, Eddie, 145

Johnston, Nancy Bess, 145, 148

Joint Chiefs of Staff, 636-37

Jolles, Noah, 274

Jolles, Seth, 284

Jolles, Stacy, 274, 284

Jones, Marjorie, 56

Journal of Sex Research, 176

“journey stories” ads, 585

Judge, Peter Thomas, 50

Junkin, Carey, 9

Justice Department (DOJ), 3, 15-16, 208,

236, 760

Brown v. Board of Education and, 703-4

Obama and, on DOMA, 628, 638-42,

654-55, 661-71, 686, 699, 716

Obergefell and, 732

racial segregation and, 709

Smelt and, 661, 668

Windsor and Hollingsworth v. Perry and,

700, 702-5, 707, 722,731

Index | 889

Kagan, Elena, 233-34, 641, 717

Kamehameha V, King of Hawaii, 85

Kaplan, Roberta, 658-60, 670, 716-18,

721-22, 730-31, 759

Karger, Fred, 497-98, 567-69, 571, 611

Kasich, John, 724

Katami, Paul, 629, 643

Kathy Reep v. Department of Employment and

Training, 249

Katyal, Neal, 669

Kavanaugh, Brett, 761

Keen, Lisa, 221

Keene, David, 144

Kendell, Kate, 169

Kennedy, Anthony, 128, 156, 348-49, 418,

667, 711-16, 719-20, 724, 729, 733-38,

748, 752-53, 758

Kennedy, D. James, 355, 357

Kennedy, John F, 617

Kennedy, Ted, 166, 204, 207, 223-30

Kentucky, 54-56, 61, 727, 730, 737, 752

Kentucky constitutional amendment

(2004), 384

Kerry, John, 227, 382, 480, 675

Keyes, Alan, 676

Kids Ave All Right, The (film), 681-82

Kilbourn, Seth, 382, 446, 448, 466

Kimball, Spencer, 114

Kimbell Sherman Ellis, 290-91

Kimberly Church of God, 754

King, Coretta Scott, 167, 230

King, Martin Luther, Jr, 17, 290, 333, 414,

419, 427, 704

King, Rachel, 414

King & King (de Haan), 508

King & Spalding, 699, 732, 750

Kinsley, Michael, 404‚Äî5

Kitchen v. Herbert, 726

Klain, Ron, 640

Kleid, Janin, 743

Klein, Ben, 621

Klein, Calvin, 431

Klein, Robert, 70-75, 80, 82, 85

Knight, Gail, 491

Knight, Pete, 420, 469, 490-91

Knight, Robert H., 137-38

Knight, Tracy, 56

Knights of Columbus, 134, 566, 611

afgfe1 1:11 pw | |

890 | Index

Koch, Ed, 26-27, 558

Kohl, Helmut, 213-14

Kolbe, Jim, 226

Koppelman, Andrew, 146

Kors, Geoff, 522

Kotlowitz, Alex, 318

Kowalski, Sharon, 170-71

Kramer, Larry, 10, 441

Krehely, Jeff, 683-84, 690

Krishnamoorthi, Raja, 676

Krislov, Marvin, 200-201

Kucinich, Dennis, 678

Ku Klux Klan, 347

Kuralt, Charles, 112

Kurnit, Robert, 249

Kurtz, Stanley, 334

Kyl, Jon, 373

Labor Department, 138, 166, 194, 196

labor unions, 197, 298-99, 437, 690

Lady Gaga, 574

Lafferty, Andrea Sheldon, 349

Lafferty, Jim, 349

LaFontaine, David, 247

LAGAI-Queer Insurrection, 407

Lagon, Patrick, 28-29, 31, 43, 61, 69, 78,

739, 746

LaHaye, Beverly, 133-34

LaHaye, Tim, 133-34, 347

Lake, Celinda, 193-94, 219, 548

Lambda Legal Defense and Education

Fund, 51, 59, 163, 168-78, 206, 251,

256-57, 261, 267, 391-96, 402, 418, 430,

441, 444, 449-50, 459, 471, 540, 621,

623-25, 630, 633, 658-59, 700, 708, 723,

730, 740, 750

Marriage Project and, 396-99, 403,

407-16, 425

Wolfson departs, 419-26

Lambda Line (radio show), 33-34, 40

Land, Richard, 330, 336-38, 350-57,

367-69, 502, 757

Land, Stuart, 46

Landscape Summary grid, 559

Lane, Nathan, 189

Langdon, David R., 381

Langrock, Peter, 268-69

Langrock Sperry & Wool, 258, 266,

268-69, 271

Largent, Steve, 153-56

Lashman, Deborah, 255-56

Latinos, 437, 465, 516, 524, 542, 556, 690

Latter-Day Saints, Church of (LDS;

Mormons), 14, 93-123, 146, 149, 240,

324-26, 397, 469, 484, 498-507, 518-19,

528-29, 567-69, 609-10

Brethren or General Authorities, 109, 116

First Presidency, 104-5, 108, 110, 499,

501, 505

First Quorum of the Seventy, 499

Public Affairs Department, 500-501

Quorum of Seventy, 114

Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, 108,

111-12, 117, 529

Relief Society, 108-9

Lavender Law, 171, 266, 387, 391-92

Lavender Seniors of the East Bay, 631

Law, Jack, 34-37

LA Weekly, 518

Lawrence, Gary, 502, 505

Lawrence v. Texas, 348-51, 359, 364, 372,

447, 537, 635, 644, 667-68, 713-14,

719-20, 724, 733,735, 752

Lawson, Bill, 101

Leadership Conference on Civil Rights,

162

Leadership LAB, 521

Lederman, Marty, 638

Lee, Chris, 742, 744

Lee, Paul, 132

Lefevre, Don, 105

Legal Affairs, 309

Lehman, Bruce, 218-19

Lehman, Kathryn, 145, 152, 156

Leibovitz, Annie, 406

Leibsohn, Seth, 361

Leno, Mark, 466

Leonard, Mary, 358

Lesbian and Gay Congressional Staff

Association, 164-65

Lesbian and Gay Litigators’ Roundtable,

9, 171. See also Roundtable (formerly

Sodomy Roundtable)

Lesbian Avengers, 406-7

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| | Isse_9781524748739_all_5p_r1.s.indd 891

Lesotho, 63

Let California Ring (formerly California

Equality Project), 465-66, 516, 541-43,

549

Letourneau, Marcelle, 618, 621

Let's Talk Straight, Hawaii (radio show), 113

“Letter from a Birmingham Jail” (King),

290, 414, 704

Leukemia Society, 142

LeVay, Simon, 88

Levi, Jennifer, 304

Levinson, Bernard, 79

Levinson, Dan, 145, 148-49

Levinson, Steven H., 78-79, 81-82, 85-89,

743-44

Levi Strauss, 422, 425-26

Levitt, Linda, 276

Lewin, Gregory B., 493

Lewin, John C., 61, 69, 77

Lewis, Anthony, 308

Lewis, Jonathan, 441, 679, 683, 694, 697

Lewis, Patricia, 214

Lewiston, Maine, 581

LGBTQ community. See a/so Defense

of Marriage Act (DOMA, 1996);

discrimination, anti- LGBT; Don’t Ask

Don’t Tell; employment discrimination;

same-sex marriage; specific individuals,

laws, lawsuits, organizations, and policies

ACLU and, 45-57

Arkes memo on, 148

Burress’s campaigns vs., 378

California and, 126, 463

church congregations for, 38-39

Colorado and, 127-28

Congress and, 161-62, 164-66

“gay fatigue” and, 165

gay rights bill of 1994 and, 166

Hawaii and, 32-36, 102

immigration and tax laws and, 3

Miami nondiscrimination bill of 1977

and, 35

military ban and, 423

movement of 1980s, 11

Mychal Judge Act and, 353-54

Oregon and, 127

political clout of, 6, 12-13, 161-62, 487

Index | 891

Romer and, 156-57

Vermont civil-rights bill and, 286-87

libertarians, 150, 604

Liberty Counsel, 644

Liberty University, 356

Libous, Tom, 562

Library of America, 389

Lieberman, Joe, 226

Liebman, Marvin, 424

Life, 49, 170

Life Foundation, 36

LifeWay Christian Resources, 355

LiMandri, Charles, 478-79, 481-82

Lincoln, Abraham, 372

Lindevaldsen, Rena, 644

Lippert, Bill, 288, 292

Liptak, Adam, 729, 732

Little, Thomas, 288-91, 296-97

Little Rock, Arkansas, 4

Lockyer, Bill, 371

Loeb, Daniel, 562

Log Cabin Republicans, 180-86, 191, 354,

403, 456

Long, Reno, 425

Long Beach, California, 472

Look, 49

Lori, William E., 610

Los Angeles County, 50, 402, 472, 511, 516

Los Angeles Freedom to Marry Coalition,

403

Los Angeles Gay and Lesbian Community

Services Center, 185, 402-4, 407, 518,

521, 567

Los Angeles Times, 130, 212, 295, 297, 423,

466, 496, 686

“losing forward” concept, 548

Lott, Trent, 228

Lotus Development, 183

Louisiana, 755

Louisiana constitutional amendment

(2004), 383-84

“love and commitment” messaging,

573-74, 587, 659

Love Honor Cherish, 522-23

Loving v. Virginia, 49, 66-67, 252, 278-79,

290, 404, 448, 544, 546, 628, 714, 735

Lowe, Julian, 106

afgfe1 1:11 pw | |

892 | Index

Lugar, Richard, 130, 165

Luken, Charlie, 379-80

Lum, Herman, 85

Luxembourg, 353

Lynch, John, 579

Lynch, Patrick, 669

Lyndon, Sharyle “Leather,” 37, 41

Lyon, Phyllis, 494

Mackey, Connie, 354, 360

MacKinnon, Catharine, 260

Maddoux, Marlin, 350

Madonna, 357

“Maggie’s Stupid Digression” (Gallagher),

343

Mahony, Roger, 481

Maine Amendment 1 (2009), 529-33, 535,

538, 577, 580-81

Maine Question | on Marriage (2012),

580-96, 599, 602, 604, 606, 610-12, 698,

736

Mainers United, 612

“Make Change, Not Lawsuits” (memo),

626, 630

Malcolm, Ellen, 427

Malcolm X, 617

Manchester, Doug, 489, 497, 567

Marbury v. Madison, 638

Marchand, Paul, 413

March on Washington for Gay and

Lesbian Rights

1979, 162-63

1987, 8-9, 38, 162-63, 171

1993, 162-64

March on Washington for Jobs and

Freedom (1963), 333

Marcin, Raymond, 5

Marinelli, Louis J., 569-70

Marks, Robert, 101, 239

marriage. See a/se civil unions; Defense of

Marriage Act (DOMA, 1996); domestic

partnerships; right to marry; same-sex

marriage; specific benefits, individuals, legal

cases, and states

age restrictions and, 93

boom of 1970s, 170

California Jv re Marriage Cases decision

and, 491-92

Cox and Wolfson study of state laws on,

396

“deinstitutionalization” of, 650

federal definition of, and DOMA, 221,

234

feminist critique of, 390, 402

Nickles bill to redefine, 151, 156

Perry and definition of, 649-50

Vermont Supreme Court and symbolic

power of, 283

Marriage Amendment Project, 374

MarriageDebate (website), 323, 342-43,

483

Marriage in America (Council on Families

in America), 320

Marriage Law Foundation, 500

Marriage Law Project, 324-25, 330, 349,

364, 499-500

marriage listserv, 410-11

“Marriage Made Me Gay” (Men and Wife

story), 9

marriage movement, 317‚Äî23, 328, 341-44

Marriage Movement: A Statement of Principles,

The (Blankenhorn), 317-18, 322

Marriage Project, 742

Marriage Protection Act (proposed), 359

Marriage Protection Amendment

(proposed), 707. See also Federal

Marriage Amendment (proposed)

Marriage Protection Pledge, 358

“Marriage Protection Resolution, 130-31,

136-37

Marriage Protection Week, 356-60

Marriage Research Consortium, 550-54,

573-74, 577, 581, 590-92, 602, 692, 744

“Marriage Resolution” (Wolfson), 673

Marry Me Minnesota, 575-76

Marshall, Margaret H., 299, 308-9, 311, 365

Marshall, Thurgood, 731

Martin, Del, 494

Maryland, 559, 583, 670

Maryland appeals court, 647

Maryland Civil Marriage Protection Act

(2012), 600

Maryland Measure 6 (2012), 697-98

Maryland Question 6 (2013), 600-602,

605, 610, 612

Maryland state legislature, 600

| | Isse_9781524748739_all_5p_r1.s.indd 892 & 2/9/21 111 PM | |

| | Isse_9781524748739_all_5p_r1.s.indd 893

Massachusetts, 15, 187-88, 252, 326-28,

439, 444-49, 454-55, 463, 465, 529, 547,

561, 578, 588, 654, 735, 751

civil unions and, 374, 618

domestic-partnership ordinances and,

303

elections of 1988, 457-58

elections of 2008, 488

gay-rights bill (1989), 247, 250, 310

Goodridge and, 298-311, 333, 443, 532,

618, 624, 653-54, 675, 731

same-sex marriages become legal in,

374-78, 388, 494, 508, 653, 669

same-sex marriages in, and DOMA,

619-21

Massachusetts Citizens for Marriage, 306

Massachusetts Commission Against

Discrimination, 250

Massachusetts Commission on

Discrimination, 310

Massachusetts constitution

of 1780, 308-10

Goodridge decision and, 365

Massachusetts Constitutional Convention,

306-7, 366-71, 374-75, 455

Massachusetts Declaration of Rights, 308

Massachusetts Democratic Party, 306, 455

Massachusetts Family Institute, 306,

327-28, 366-67, 485

Massachusetts Gay and Lesbian Political

Caucus, 302, 306-7, 439

Massachusetts Lesbian and Gay Bar

Association, 309

Massachusetts Marriage Affirmation and

Protection Amendment (proposed),

371, 374-75

Massachusetts Protection of Marriage

Amendment (2001), 303, 306-7

Massachusetts state legislature, 298-301,

310, 374-75, 455-56, 485, 488, 621-22

Goodridge decision and, 365-69

state-level DOMA and, 326-27

Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court,

247, 249-50, 298-300, 302, 305, 308-15,

319, 321-22, 342, 349, 356, 359, 364-67,

369, 374, 378, 618, 653-54, 731

Massachusetts v. HHS, 654

MassEquality, 439, 454-55, 588, 618

Index | 893

Mass Resistance, 605

Masterpiece Cakeshop, Ltd. v. Colorado Civil

Rights Commission, 757-58

Matalin, Mary, 354

Maxwell, Neal, 110, 119, 122

McAteer, Ed, 125

McBride, Sarah, 759

McCain, John, 166, 228, 503, 507, 622

McClure, Elizabeth, 606

McClure, John, 606

McConnell, Michael, 46-49, 54

McConnell, Pat Lyn (Jack Baker),

4549, 54

McCurry, Mike, 157, 200, 208, 212,

214-15, 218, 235

McDonald, Patrick Range, 518

McEwan, David, 36, 75-76

McFarlane, Rodger, 440-42, 452

McFeeley, Tim, 167, 182-83, 193

McGeorge School of Law, 713

McGrath, Bill, 154-55, 158

McGrory, Mary, 187

McKay, Molly, 464

McKeand, Kim, 751

McKenna, Sabrina, 748

McKenzie, Gregory, 260

McKinney, George, 475

McLaughlin, John, 562

McNeil Wilson Communications, 115,

120-21

McPherson, Mike, 496-97, 528

McTighe, Matt, 535, 580-82, 586-88, 612

Meaning of Marriage Act (MOMA, /ater

DOMA), 138-40, 152. See also Defense

of Marriage Act (DOMA, 1996)

Medicaid, 197

Medicare, 177

prescription-drug benefit, 368-69

Meet in the Middle, 523

Meet the Press, 372,693

megachurches, 133, 388

Mehlman, Ken, 368, 560-62, 564, 707

Melcher, Michael F, 206, 620

Melillo, Joseph K., 28-29, 31, 37, 43, 61,

66, 69, 78, 739, 746

Mellman, Mark, 219

Mello, Amy, 580, 588

Men and Wife (newsletter), 9

afgfe1 1:11 pw | |

894 | Index

Menino, Tom, 298

Merit Systems Protection Board, 619

Messiah’s Congregation (Brooklyn), 145

Messiah's Mandate, 145, 148

Messina, Jim, 636, 663, 688-92, 695

Metropolitan Community Church

(Hawaii), 34, 38-39, 41, 43

Mexican American Legal Defense and

Education Fund, 252, 472

Mexican-American War, 504

Mexico, 559

Miami, 35

Michaels, Steven, 102

Michigan, 138-39, 725, 727-35, 759

Obergefell and, 737,752

Windsor and, 720-21, 723

Michigan Marriage Initiative (Proposal 2,

2004), 382-84

Michigan Right-to-Life, 177

Michigan state legislature, 176-77, 179

Micronesia, 64

Microsoft, 627-28

Milano, Benjamin, 749

Milbank, Dana, 694

military

Don’t Ask Don’t Tell and, 163-65, 175,

179, 195-98, 205, 209, 636-37, 663-64,

679-80, 682-83, 695

HIV and, 197

LGBTQ excluded from, 40, 45, 71, 138,

163-64, 167

LGBTQ in, 422-24

same-sex marriage and, 583

Milk, Harvey, 8, 36, 443

Miller, Zell, 147

Milne, Marion, 295

Milton, Vermont, 272

Milwaukee Fournal, 9

mini-DOMAs, 264, 379, 420, 469, 533. See

also specific states

Minneapolis conference for gay and

lesbian lawyers (2004), 387-89

Minnesota, 46-49, 54, 61, 171, 443, 568,

574-77, 635, 727-28

Minnesota Amendment 1 (2012), 583, 587,

590-99, 602-5, 610-13, 694, 698, 723

Minnesota Civil Liberties Union

(MCLU), 47-48

| | Isse_9781524748739_all_5p_r1.s.indd 894

Minnesota constitutional amendment

attempts of 2004-11, 575-77

Minnesotans Catholic Conference

Marriage Defense Fund, 610

Minnesotans for Marriage, 605, 610

Minnesotans Talking to Minnesotans

project, 595-97

Minnesotans United for All Families,

576-77, 587, 594-97, 603-6, 612-13

Minnesota OurVote2000 campaign, 434

Minnesota Public Radio, 575

Minnesota state legislature, 575-76, 613

DOMA bill of 1997, 575

same-sex marriage legalized by, 723

Minnesota Supreme Court, 48, 575, 735

Miss Gay Molokai Pageant, 65

Mission Control, 596

Mission Public Affairs, 607

Mississippi, 139, 448, 590

Mississippi Amendment 26 (2011),

590-91, 598

Mississippians for Healthy Families, 590

Mississippi Community Service Corps,

315

Mississippi constitutional amendment

(2004), 384

Missouri, 94, 727, 732

Missouri constitutional amendment

(2004), 382-83

Missouri Synod Lutherans, 118

Miss USA pageant, 528, 566

Mitchell, Shawn, 435

Mixner, David, 6, 233

Mizuguchi, Norman, 240

MN forward, 568

Moats, David, 293

Mondale, Walter, 421

Monserrate, Hiram, 557

Monson, Quin, 106

Monson, Thomas S., 503

Montana, 748

Montana constitutional amendment

(2004), 384, 749

Monterey, 543

Moon, Ronald, 80-82, 84-88, 741

Moon, Sun Myung, 38

Moore, Roy, 754

moral disapproval, 717-18

afgfe1 1:11 pw | |

| | Isse_9781524748739_all_5p_r1.s.indd 895

Moral Mapority, Inc., 33, 134, 356

Moral Majority of Hawaii, 33

Mormongate (website), 568

Mormons. See Latter-Day Saints, Church

of (LDS; Mormons)

Mormon Times, 529

Morning Foe (TV show), 755

Morris, Dick, 12-13, 210, 237

Morris, Robert, 76

Morse, James L., 282-83

Moses, Herb, 182

Moss, Josh, 203

Moss, Randolph D., 207

Mossier, Kevin J., Foundation, 543

Mosteller, Brian, 681

Mount Soledad Cross, 476, 478

Movement Advancement Project, 453, 552

MSNBC, 755

MTV Video Music Awards, 357

Muir, Leo J., 504

Mullins, David, 757-58

Multnomah County, Oregon, 377, 445

Munson, Lee, 4-5

Murray, Bill, 517

Murray, Ed, 601

Murray, Susan, 258-78, 281-85, 289-93,

296, 301, 303

Musgrave, Marilyn, 359-64, 368, 372-74,

384, 436-37

Mushovic, Ineke, 552

Mutty, Marc, 610-11

Mychal Judge Act (2002), 353-54

Myers, Beth, 369, 376

Nadler, Jerrold, 680, 681

National Affairs Briefing Convention, 125

National Association for the Advancement

of Colored People (NAACP), 429,

709-10

Legal Defense Fund, 169

National Association of Evangelicals, 118,

337

National Campaign to Protect Marriage,

125, 128, 181, 192, 349, 378

National Cancer Institute, 88

National Catholic Reporter, 480

National Center for Lesbian Rights

(NCLR), 169, 407, 471, 623, 633

Index | 895

National Coalition of Gay Organizations,

39

National Collaborative, 463, 534, 536,

538-39

National Coming Out Day, 183

National Commission on America’s Urban

Families, 317

National Fatherhood Initiative, 317

National Federation of Independent

Business, 147

National Football League, 153

National Gay and Lesbian Law

Association, 391

National Gay and Lesbian Task Force

(NGLTF), 11, 35, 162, 174, 184-85, 196,

4034, 422, 424, 430, 440-41, 454, 464,

519, 561

Policy Institute, 441, 542

National Fournal, 692

National Law fournal, 417

National Lesbian and Gay Journalists

Association, 199

National Organization for Marriage

(NOM), 485-88, 527-31, 538, 545,

566-72, 577-78, 584, 587, 595, 601-12,

627, 648, 652, 707, 725-26

California chapter, 488-89, 491

National Organization for the

Advancement of Gay and Lesbian

Couples, 38

National Organization for Women

(NOW), 133, 252, 403

National Press Club, 332, 333

National Republican Congressional

Committee (NRCC), 185-86

National Review, 334, 363, 484, 566, 725

National Review Online, 343

National Rifle Association (NRA),

143-44, 147, 188

National Right to Life Committee, 94,

118, 129, 146, 154

National Union of South African

Students, 308

Native American Church, 337

natural law, 129, 146, 330, 485

Nazis, Skokie march and, 42, 443

NBC News, 690

Nebraska, 422, 624

afgfe1 1:11 pw | |

896 | Index

Nebraska constitutional amendment

(2000), 379, 420, 534, 624

Nebraska Family Council, 420

Nelson, Ashan, 37

Nelson, Gerald, 46

Nemitz, Bill, 611

Nessel, Dana, 721, 723, 730

Netherlands, 334

Neuwirth, Steve, 201

Nevada, 106, 533, 725-26

Neville, Philip, 47

“New Congress and Grassroots America”

panel (1995), 135

New England, 251, 261

New Family Structures Study, 651-52,

725

New Hampshire, 529, 533

civil unions and, 578-79

same-sex marriage bill (2009), 559, 570,

578-79, 655

New Hampshire Freedom to Marry

Coalition, 578-79

New Hampshire primaries

of 2004, 368

of 2012, 578

New Jersey, 409, 417, 448, 528, 530, 556

civil unions, 530, 742

elections of 2007 and, 487-88

same-sex marriage bill vetoed, 600

New Jersey Supreme Court, 417, 487, 724

New Mexico, 371, 377, 547, 724, 758

New Mexico Supreme Court, 724

New Paltz, New York, 377, 445

New Republic, 146, 320, 404-6

New Right, 132, 144

NewsHour (TV show), 343

Newsom, Gavin, 370-72, 445, 471, 494,

508

Newsweek, 199, 219, 224, 296, 350, 609, 732

New Testament, 133

New York City, 26-27, 35, 57-58, 402, 560

domestic partnerships and, 404

New York City Fire Department, 353

New York Civil Liberties Union, 172

New York Conservative Party, 531, 564

New Yorker, 627

New Yorkers United for Marriage,

560-63, 571

| | Isse_9781524748739_all_5p_r1.s.indd 896

New York magazine, 699

New York Native, 35

New York Post, 320

New York Rangers, 584

New York State, 377, 413, 444-45, 448,

528, 530-31, 556, 560-66, 570, 583,

669-70

New York State Constitution, 563

New York State Court of Appeals, 57, 200,

646-47, 658

New York State Democratic Committee,

556

New York State legislature, 487, 531,

555-66, 570, 578

New York State Marriage Equality Act

(2011), 558-66, 570, 578, 584, 599-600,

685, 687

New York Times, 6, 47, 50, 57, 126, 166, 183,

212, 221, 229, 236, 308, 316, 323, 334,

353-54, 357, 367, 392, 395, 413-14, 441,

486, 497, 522, 527, 571, 602, 605, 607,

629, 631, 651, 654, 668, 691, 697, 729,

731

Magazine, 188, 688

“Weddings” page, 357, 619

New York University, 541

New York Yankees, 628

Nichols, Benjamin, 413

Nickles, Don, 131-40, 151-57, 226-27,

336

Niederauer, George, 481-82, 503, 505

Nielsen, Norm, 179, 396

Nienstedt, John, 610

“1992 Presidential Candidates” (HRCF

voter guide), 7

Nixon, Richard, 363

No on 1 /Protect Maine Equality, 580

No on 8 campaign (California), 508-9,

515-26, 538, 547-49, 567, 596, 607

No on 36 campaign (Oregon), 517

No on Knight campaign (California), 519

Normal Heart, The (Kramer), 10

Norquist, Grover, 144

Norris, William, 71, 73

North American Man Boy Love

Association, 347

Northampton, Massachusetts, 298, 304

North Carolina, 106, 689-90, 759

afgfe1 1:11 pw | |

| | Isse_9781524748739_all_5p_r1.s.indd 897

North Carolina Amendment | (2012), 583,

694-95, 697

North Dakota constitutional amendment

(2004), 384

Northeastern University Law School, 248

Notre Dame University, 146

Oahu, 32, 34, 36-38, 115-16

Oakland, 472

Oaks, Dallin, 110-12, 118, 326

Obama, Barack, 15-16, 457, 493, 515-16,

536, 542, 578, 583, 635-38, 743, 753

birth certificate and, 672

Constitutional Law class by, 666-67

DOMA and, 638-41, 654-55, 661-71,

676, 680, 686

Don’t Ask Don’t Tell and, 636-37,

663-64, 679-80, 682, 695

evolution of, on same-sex marriage,

672-94

nondiscrimination executive order and,

683-84, 690

Obergefell and, 732, 734, 753

same-sex backed by, 694-98

State of the Union of 2012 and, 691

Windsor and Hollingsworth v. Perry and,

701-5, 708-10, 722, 734, 744

Obama, Michelle Robinson, 673

Obergefell, James, 721, 724

Obergefell v. Hodges, 16, 721, 724-25, 728-38,

749-60

O’Brien, Miles, 192

Ocamb, Karen, 515, 518

O’Connell, Jack, 509

O’Connor, Sandra Day, 128

O'Donnell, Anthony, 600

O'Donnell, Danny, 560, 562, 564

Office of Legal Counsel, 638, 641-42

Office of Management and Budget

(OMB), 214

Office of Public Engagement, 640

Office of the Solicitor General, 669

Official Gay and Lesbian Pride Week

Association of Oahu, 36-38

Ogilvy Public Relations, 518

Ohio, 689, 725, 727-28

Obergefell and, 724, 737, 752

Windsor and, 720-21, 724

Index | 897

Ohio Campaign to Protect Marriage, 380,

383

Ohio Issue 1 (2004), 377-84, 706

Ohio OurVote2000 campaign, 434

Ohio state legislature, 379

Ohio State University, 381

Oklahoma, 131-32, 139, 146, 153, 164,

448, 726

Oklahoma constitutional amendment

(2004), 384

Old Testament, 133

Oliphant, Lincoln, 137-39, 151, 154, 156

Olson, Ted, 626, 628-34, 643-46, 653, 656,

702, 714-15

O'Malley, Martin, 600-601, 608, 670

Onaka, Alvin T., 65, 672

ONE, 8, 10

One Iowa, 459-60

Ontario Court of Appeal, 349

Open Society Institute, 439

Operation Rescue, 130

Oprah (TV show), 739

Opus Dei, 486

Oral Roberts University Law School, 96

Orange County Register, 498

Oregon, 445, 549-50

Oregon constitution, 377

Oregon Measure 9, 127, 337, 588, 594

Oregon Measure 36 (2004), 383-84, 516,

533, 548, 583, 587-88

O'Reilly, Michelle, 483, 488

Orthodox Judaism, 327

Oshiro, Blake, 742

Osprey Point Leadership Center, 319,

322-23

Otterson, Michael R., 503, 505

Our Families Coalition, 631, 633, 646,

648

OurVote2000 project, 434

Out, 137, 189

OutFront Minnesota, 575

OutGiving, 427-28, 431, 436, 441, 451-56.